单位文秘网 2021-07-09 08:19:13 点击: 次
药品、食品、化妆品、饲料等领域的应用。
关键词:蛋白质工程;抗菌肽;生物活性;表达系统;重组表达;分子改造
中图分类号:Q816文献标志码:A
doi:10.7535/hbkd.2019yx05011
Advances in microbial antimicrobial peptides expression
system and transformation strategy
XU Ke1, ZHANG Liping2, ZHANG Yuanyuan1, LIU Junguo1
(1. School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, China;2. Institute of Biology, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050081, China)
Abstract:In this paper, a review on antimicrobial peptides, including the bioactivity, recombinant expression system and molecular transformation strategy, is provided. The main problems in the fields of antimicrobial peptides are put out,including low antibacterial activity, small productivity, and weak selectivity. It is considered that molecular structure modification is a valid strategy to enhance its antibacterial activity and selectivity. Optimization of recombinant expression system would be the key way to improve productivity. On one hand, the research and development on antibacterial peptides will strengthen the knowledge on the relationship between structure and function, including selectivity, antibacterial activity and toxicity, and the regulation strategies on gene expression system, both of which show significant scientific importance. On the other hand, antimicrobial peptides seldom shows drug resistance because of its antibacterial mechanism, and the research and development on antibacterial peptides will promote greatly its application in the fields of food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and feed industry, etc.
Keywords:protein engineering; antimicrobial peptides; biological activity; expression system; recombinant expression; molecular transformation
抗生素依賴于单一酶参与的代谢调控途径,容易使细菌产生耐药性,长期服用会引起机体产生严重的抗药性[1]。抗菌肽(antimicrobial peptides,AMP)作为生物合成的先天免疫成分,凭借其种类多样、安全无害而被认为是传统抗生素的替代品[2],具有热稳定性、耐受性、pH值稳定性、消化酶稳定性等生物学特性。抗菌肽是一类携带正电荷、具有广谱抗菌能力且不易产生抗药性的小分子多肽类物质[3],大部分抗菌肽分子质量小,由12~50个氨基酸残基组成,具有两亲性特征[4],部分抗菌肽具有靶向性。抗菌肽在自然界中分布广泛,原核和脊椎动物体内都有发现[5],同时在线数据库(http://aps.unmc.edu/AP/main.php)共记录有2 971种抗菌肽,主要来源于动植物、细菌、真菌、古细菌和原生生物,按其结构特性进行分类,主要有α-螺旋类、β-折叠类、片层结构类和环状结构类抗菌肽[6]。
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