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Unit2 The Olympic Games-语法篇
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通过本节课的学习掌握一般将来时的被动语态的用法。
一般将来时的被动语态
一. 常见结构
1.will/shall +be+done
Will those old buidings be pulled down next week?
2.be going to + be+done
This letter is going to be typed and sent off immediately.
3.be to + be+done
The question is to be discussed at the next meeting.
4.will/shall+get+done
The workers will get paid before the end of December.
二. 基本用法
一般将来时的被动语态表示“ ? ? 将要被 ? ? ”,其意义有:
1.表示根据计划或安排将要发生的被动性动作;
The work will be finished in two days.
2.表示有固定条件就会规律性结果。
Heated to 100℃,water will be turned into steam.
3.在时间、条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时的被动语态代替一般将来时的被动语态。
If I am given enough time, I will go to Hawaii for my holiday.
如果我有足够的时间,我将会去夏威夷度假。
注意:
(1)短语动词变被动时不能漏掉介词或副词。
(2)含有情态动词的被动结构为:情态动词+ be+过去分词。
(3)含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时,应根据需要将其中的一个宾语变成被动句的主语,另一
个宾语保持不变,需在间接宾语前加介词to 或 for.
He will tell me a funny story.
I will be told a funny story.
A funny story will be told to me.
(4)主动句谓语动词带有复合宾语时,应将宾语变成被动句的主语, 而将宾语补足语保持不变(这时的第 1 页
宾语补足语成为主语补足语 )。
(5)使用一般将来时的被动语态时,应注意以下两点:
在时间、条件状语从句中,应使用现在时表示将来时。同样,应使用现在时的被动语态表示将来时
的被动语态。例如:
He says he will leave the company if he is punished for this .
When the dam is completed ,the Changjiang River will be controlled .
三.不能变为被动语态的情况。
1.连系动词、不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能用于被动语态。
The story happened last year.
2.有些及物动词也没有被动语态。
如:have(有),equal(等于 ),fit( 适合),hold( 容纳),join( 参加),mean(意
味着 ),last(持续), cost(花费),look like( 看起来 ),belong to( 属于)等。
The book costs him 20 dollars.
3.动词 look, smell ,sound, feel, taste 用作连系动词时,不用于被动语态,但有被动含义。
Cotton feels soft. 棉花摸起来很柔软。
4.一些动词,像 write, sell, wash, open, wear, lock 等,如表示主语的性能时,不用被动语态。
The pen writes well. 这支笔书写流利。
例 1. (2019 甘肃天水期末 ) –Has the problem been solved?
-Not yet. It _________at tomorrow ’s meeting.
A. is discussed B. has discussed C. will be discussed D. had discussed
解析 :由句意可知“这个问题还没有解决,这个问题需在明天的会议上讨论。
”这里的 “it”指代的为
“the problem”它和动词 discuss之间为动宾关系,且时间是 tomorrow 所以要用一般将来时的被动。
答案: C
例 2. (2019 安徽阜阳期中 ) I have been told that the medical team, ______five doctors and ten nurses,
_____sent to the flood –stricken area.
A. consisted of; are to be B. is consisted of; will be
C. consisting of; is to be D. consisting of; had been
解析:考查现在分词做定语和时态:句意:我被告知由 5 个医生 10 个护士组成的医疗小组将要被送
往洪灾地区。
consist of= be made up of 用的时候是主动的,非谓语结构式 consisting of ,第一空排除
AB ,主句是 I’ve been told 从句中不可能是过去完成时,用 be to do 表示将来时。
答案: C
例 3. (2019 吉林长春期中 ) Only when your identity has been checked_________.
A. you are allowed to B. you will be allowed in
C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in
解析:考查倒装句和语态。
Only 放在句首 ,且强调状语的时候 ,使用部分倒装的形式 ,本题 only 放在句
首,强调的是时间状语从句 when your identity has been checked 故使用部分倒装的形式 .根据句意说明
使用被动的形式 .句意:只有当你的身份被检查以后 ,你才被允许进入。综合可知本题答案。
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答案: D
例 4. (2019 四川) More expressways _________ in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.
A. are being built B. will be built C. have been built D. had been built
解析:考查时态。本句为时态题,根据时间状语 soon 可知,考查了将来时,且主语 expressways 和
谓语动词 built 之间为动宾关系,所以要有被动语坊。句意为:四川将建设更多的高速公路以促进当
地的经济。
答案: B
例 5.( 2019 安徽) It is reported that a space station ______ on the moon in years to come.
A. will be building B. will be built C. has been building D. has been built “
解析:句意:据报道,人们在接下来的几年里将在月球上建一个空间站。根据 “in years to come”可知
用将来时, space station 和 build 是动宾关系,应该使用被动语态,
答案: B
基础演练
一.单项选择。从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中 ,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
( )1. We are told that a new car factory _____ here next year.
A. will set up B. will be set up C. would set up D. would be set up
( )2. The 2019 Olympic Games _____ in Beijing; several big changes _____ in the capital city.
A. is held; will make B. will be held; will make C. will be held; will be made D. is held; make
( )3. You _____ to take so much luggage with you on the plane.
A. will be allowed B. will allow C. won ’t be allowed D. won ’t allow
( )4. You _____ around our school this afternoon. Now, please have a good rest.
A. are shown B. were shown C. are going to be shown D. will show
( )5. Can you tell me by whom the talk _____ tomorrow?
A. will give B. will be given C. give D. be given
Keys:
1.B 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.B
二.用括号里动词的适当形式填空。
More and more students will study in our school, so it______________(become) much larger. The eng
ineers__________(design) a project now. a new building___________(set) up. The playground__________
(rebuild). New equipment ________(buy) when the project__________(finish). More books________(kee
p) in the library. We can____________(enjoy) reading in the bright reading room. There________(be)many
trees and flowers in the school. We___________(see) a beautiful and modern school next year.
Keys: will become are designing will be set will be rebuild will be bought
is finished will be kept enjoy will be will see
巩固提高
一.把下面的句子改为被动语态。
1.They will give her a gold medal.
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2.The construction workers will put down the old temple.
3.They will read The Music of Chance by Paul Auster.
4.The rabbits will eat the carrots.
5.The Russian businessman will buy the famous painting by Xu Beihong.
6.The teacher will mark t he students ’ homework tonight.
7.They will make some parts of the car in the factory.
8.They will finish this project in five years.
9. We will build a new house next year.
10.My mother will give me a T-shirt.
Keys:
1.She will be given a gold medal. 2. The old temple will be pulled down.
3. The Music of Chance by Paul Auster will be read. 4. carrots will be eaten by the rabbits.
5. The famous painting by Xu Beihong will be bought by the Russian businessman.
6. The students ’ homework willmbaerked tonight.
7. Some parts of the car will be made in the factory.
8. This project will be finished in five years.
9. A new house will be built ( by us ) next year.
10. I will be given a T-shirt ( by my mother ).
一.按要求完成下列各题。
1.They will give her a gold medal. (被动语态)
2.The construction workers are going to put down the old temple. (被动语态)
3. We are to repair the machine tomorrow. (被动语态)
4. These trees are going to be cut down . (否定式)
5.Many new sport venues will be built for the Olympic Games.( 一般疑问句 )
6. The sports meeting is to be held on Dec. 5.
7.The football match is going to be held in our school next week .
Keys:
1.She will be given a gold medal.
2.The old temple is going to be pulled down.
3.The machine is to be repaired by us tomorrow.
4. trees are not going to be cut down .
5.Will many new sport venues be built for the Olympic Games?
6.When is the sports meeting to be held?
7.Where is the football match going to be held next week?
二.单选选择。
( )1. These films ______ until tomorrow morning.
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A. can’t develop B. aren’t developing C. won ’t be developed D. won ’t develop
( )2. Hundreds of jobs ______ if the factory closes.
A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose
( )3. —A party is going to ______ tonight. Would you like to go with me?
—I ’d like to, but I have to look after my sick mother
A. organize B. have been organized C. be organizing D. be organized
( )4. The water will be further polluted unless some measures ______.
A. will be taken B. are taken C. were taken D. had been taken
( )5. If it doesn ’t rain tomorrow, the sports meet ______ in the playground of our school.
A. is holding B. will hold C. will be held D. is to be holding
( )6. The problem ______ in the coming meeting.
A. is discussed B. is discussing C. is being discussed D. will be discussed
( )7. The mistakes in the exercises will ______ the teacher.
A. cross B.be crossing C.be crossed by D. cross by
( )8. If city noises ______ from increasing, people ______ shout to be heard even at dinner.
A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have
C.do not keep; will have to D.do not keep; have to
( )9. The sports meeting ______ .
A. is put off B.is to put off C.is to be put off D. puts off
( )10. I need one more stamp before my collection ______.
A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D.is completed
( )11. The work ______ soon.
A. will be finished B. has been finished C. will finish D. finishes
( )12. I ______ if I finish the work on time.
A. shall be praised B. would praise C. will praise D. praise
Keys: 1-5 C B D B C 6- 10 D C A C D 11-12 A A
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一.单项选择。
1. It is said that a new robot ____by him in a few days.
A. designed B. has been designed
C. will be designed D. will have been designed
2. We are late. I expect the film ____by the time we get to the cinema.
A. will already have started B. would already have started
C. shall have already started D. has already been started
3. She will stop showing off if no notice____ of her.
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A. is taken B. takes C. will be taken D. has taken
4. Diamond ____in Brazil in 1971.
A. is found B. has been found
C. was found D. had been found
5. “Have you moved to the new flat? ”
“Not yet. The room ____. ”
A. has been painted B. is painted
C. paints D. is being painted
6. My pictures ____until next Friday.
A. won ’t develop B. aren ’t developed
C. don ’t develop D. won ’ t be developed
7. Tim ____since he lost his job three weeks ago.
A. had been unemployed B. was unemployed
C. has been unemployed D. has unemployed
8. A great number of colleges and universities ____since 1949.
A. has been establish B. have been established
C. have established D. had been established
9. I ’ll have to push the car to the side of the road because we ____if we leave it here.
A. would be fined B. will be fined
C. will being fined D. will have been fined
10. “____two tickets for the new play at the Grand Theatre on Saturday. Shall we go and see it together?
A. They have been given B. I have been given
C. I am given D. They have given to me
Keys:
1-5CAACD 6-10DCBBB
二.阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项 (A 、B、C 和 D) 中,选出最佳选项。
A
As computers become all the more popular in China, Chinese people are increasingly relying on
computer keyboards to input Chinese characters. But if they use the computer too much, they may end up
forgetting the exact strokes( 笔画)of each Chinese character when writing on paper. Experts suggest people,
especially students, write by hand more.
Do you write by hand more or type more? In Beijing, students start using a computer as early as
primary school. And computer dependence is more wide-spread among university students. Almost all their
assignments and essays are typed on a computer.
All the students interviewed say they usually use a computer.
It ’s faster and easier to correct if using a computer. And that ’s why computers are being appl
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and more often to modern education. But when people are taking stock in computers increasingly, problems
appear.
“When I ’m writing with a pen, I find I often can ’t remember ha or awc tteor ,wt rhi toeu ag hc hI feel
I ’m familiar with it. ”
“I ’m not in the mood to write when faced with a pen and paper. ”
Many students don ’t feel this is something to worry about. Now that it ’s more convenient and
to write on a computer, why bother to handwrite?
Many educators think differently. Shi Liwei, the headmaster of a famous primary school in the capital
said “Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthet审ic(美的 ) value. But those characters typed with
computer keyboards only maintain their practical value. All the artistic beauty of the characters is lost. And
handwriting contains the write ’ems otion. Through one’hsandwriting, people can get to know one’ s
thinking and personality. Beautiful writing will give people a better first impression of them. ”
To encourage students to handwrite more, many primary schools in Beijing have made writing
classes compulsory( 必修的 )and in universities, some professors are asking students to turn in their
homework and essays written by hand.
( )1. Which of the following can BEST serve as the title of the passage?
A. The Importance of Handwriting and Typing
B. To Type or To Hand Write
C. Writing By Computer Will Replace Writing By Hand
D. Practical and Aesthetic Value of Chinese Characters
( )2. The students interviewed prefer to write using a computer mainly because .
A. they are usually asked to e-mail their homework and essays
B. they can correct the mistakes they make quickly and conveniently
C. they find it not easy to remember how to write a character
D. computers have become a trend and fashion in China
( )3. The underlined expression “taking stock in ” in the fourth paragraph probably me.ans
A. getting bored with B. getting dependent on
C. becoming crazy about D. getting curious about
( )4. We can draw the conclusion from the passage that .
A. more and more students will give up writing on a computer
B. writing by hand will give way to typing by computer one day
C. more and more students will pay attention to handwriting
D. the typing article better expresses one ’s emotion and quality
B
Some say everyday miracles( 奇迹) are predestined(注定的 )—the right time for the appointed meeting.
And it can happen anywhere.
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In 2019, 11-year-old Kevin Stephan was a bat boy for his younger brother ’Litstle League team in
Lancaster, New York. It was an early evening in late July. Kevin was standing on the grass away from the
plate, where another youngster was warming up for the next game. Swinging his bat back and forth, giving
it all the power an elementary school kid could give. The boy brought the bat back hard and hit Kevin in
the chest. His heart stopped.
When Kevin fell to the ground, the mother of one of the players rushed out of the stands to his aid.
Penny Brown hadn ’t plannteodbe there that day, but at the last minute, her shift( 换班)at the hospital had
been changed to see her son ’s performance. She was given the night off. Penny bent over the senseless boy,
his face already starting to turn blue, and giving CPR( 心肺复苏术 ), breathing into his mouth and giving
chest compressions. And he revived in the end.
After his recovery, he became a volunteer junior firefighter, learning some of the emergency first-aid
techniques that had saved his life. He studied hard in school and was saving money for college by working
as a dishwasher in a local restaurant in his spare time.
Kevin, now 18, was working in the kitchen when he heard people screaming, customers in confusion,
employees rushing toward a table. He hurried into the main room and saw a woman there, her face turning
blue, her hands at her throat. She was choking.
Quickly Kevin stepped behind her, wrapped his arms around her and clasped his hands. Then, using
skills he ’d first learned in Scouts. The food that was trapped in the woman ’s throat was freed. T
began to return to her face.
“Thefood was stuck. I couldn ’btreathe, s”he said. She thought she was dying. “Iwas very
frightened. ”
Who was the woman?
Penny Brown.
( )5. The author wrote the passage to show us that __________ .
A. miracles are predestined and they can happen anywhere
B. whoever helps you in trouble will get a reward one day
C. God will help those who give others a helping hand
D. miracles won ’t come without any difficulty sometimes
( )6. Which of the following statements is TRUE of Kevin Stephan?
A. He was hit on the face by a boy and almost lost his life.
B. He was a volunteer junior firefighter, teaching the players first-aid skills.
C. He worked part-time in a local restaurant to save money for college.
D. He saved Penny Brown though he didn ’t really know how to deal with food choke.
( )7. Why did Penny Brown change her shift and was given the night off that night?
A. She was invited to give the players directions.
B. She volunteered to give medical services.
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C. She was a little worried about his son ’s safety.
D. She came to watch her son ’s game and cheered him.
( )8. The underlined word “revived ” in the third paragraph most likely mean.s
A. came back to life B. became worse C. failed D. moved
( )9. When Kevin knew the woman was Penny Brown, probably he first felt __________.
A. happy B. surprise d C. sad D. worried
Keys:
1.选 B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章围绕话题 “我们学生应该依靠电脑还是应该手写作业 ”展开
的。
2.选 B 细节理解题。由第四段 “It ’s faster and easier to correct if using a compu和te第r 七段中的 “ ”
Now that it ’s more convenient and efficient to write on a computer, why bother to handwrite?可知,学生
依赖电脑是因为电脑方便,快捷,修改容易。
3.选 B 词义猜测题。
结合上文 computer dependence 和下文的表述不难推出, taking stock in 的意思为
“相信;依靠 ”。故 B 项为正确答案。
4.选 C 推理判断题。最后一段介绍:许多小学把写字课已规定为必修课;在大学里,要求学生交书
面作业。由此我们可以得出结论:今后越来越多的学生会重视书写。故 C 项为正确答案。
5.选 A 主旨大意题。文章第一段点明了本文的写作目的:奇迹是注定的,无处不在。下文具体讲述
了两个人的互救经历来证明这一观点。
6.选 C 正误判断题。
由第四段中 “He studied hard in school and was saving money for college by working
as a dishwasher in a local restaurant in his spare time 可知, C 项表”述正确,符合题意。
7.选D 推理判断题。
由第三段中 “..., but at the last minute, her shift换( 班)at the hospital had been changed
to see her son ’s perform可a以nc推e 出”Penny Brown 是为了看她儿子的比赛 ,为他加油。
8.选 A 词义猜测题。由本句前句中的 “Pennybent over the senseless boy ”和下一段的 “After his
recovery 可”以推出 revived 的意思为:苏醒 ; 醒了过来 , 与 senseless(昏迷,没有知觉 )相对应。
9.选 B 推理判断题。
当 Kevin 知道 Penny Brown 正是七年前挽救他生命的那个人时, 他的第一感觉
应该是惊讶,意想不到;再结合本文的写作目的:奇迹无处不在,可以推出 B 项为正确答案。
三.书面表达。
根据下列提示, 以 Building a Good Teacher-student Relationship 为题, 写一篇 120—150 词的英语
短文。
1. 良好的师生关系是教学成功的根本保障。
(guarantee)。
2. 以个人的经历说明良好的师生关系是双方共同努力的结果。
3. 如何对待师生间可能存在的误解。
Building a Good Teacher-student Relationship
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Key:
A good teacher- student relationship is one of the guarantees for successful teaching and learning. A
good relationship leads to fruitful cooperation, that is, the teacher can guide his/her students more
effectively and the students can learn more efficiently.
From my personal experience I conclude that an ideal teacher- student relationship depends on the
common efforts. For example, we have developed a warm, friendly relationship with our English teacher.
We admire her for the special efforts she poured into our class. Her lectures are always well prepared and
delivered clearly. We also admire the fact that she spends time generously with us students after class.
Inspired by her devotion, we study all the more diligently.
Of course, misunderstanding may occur once in a while. In this case, I think, both sides should be kind,
patient and frank. By sitting down and having a good talk we can work out any trouble.
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